Send request to network host to trigger response (limit count via -c)
ping <domain>
ping -c <count> <host>
Show internet route to host
Protocols / Ports
Network protocol status (limit to specific protocol -p eg. tcp, udp)
netstat
netstat -p <protocol>
Show processes that are listening on ports
lsof -i -P | grep LISTEN
Check if specified port is open at IP address (macOS: -G <timeout> in seconds)
nc -zv -G <timeout> <ip-address> <port>
Show registration details for domain
Show basic (and expanded using any) DNS records for domain (Note: any may be disabled by the DNS provider)
Show specific DNS records for domain (eg. A, MX, NS)
Alternative DNS lookup utility to dig
Show authoritative name servers for domain (+short for minimal output)
Alternative name server lookup utility to dig
Clear stale DNS cache in chrome (Open Chrome DNS settings -> Clear host cache)
Chrome Net Internals can also show the DNS entries for specific domains
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